Method oe and apparatus fob plashing brick



provide for the dashing and in the cooling Patented Mar. ll, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CONRAD DRESSLEB, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR- TO AMERICAN'DBESSLER TUN NELL KILNS, ING., OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

.METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FLASHING BRICK.

Application Bled May 17, 1920, Serial No. 381,003. Renewed. July 17, 1923.

To all whom t may camera:

Be it knownfthat I, CONRAD DRn-sensu, :i subject of the King of Great Britain, and resident of Cleveland,v in the county of guyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented ertain new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Flashing Brick, of which the following is aspeci'lcation.

The object oit'A the present invention is to of brick in a continuous muille heated kiln, and particularly in 'a continuous kilnrof the Dressler type in which internal combustion chambers are located in the kiln `chamber, and the heat transfer to goods passing through the kiln is wholly'l or mainly by a convection current ycirculation of the kiln atmosphere which serves as a vehicle for* transmitting heat from the combustion chambers to the goods.

The flashing of brick is a surface treatment which results in the formation of dark colored patches or streaks on the surface of the brick. This discoloration 'is caused by the impingement of a reducing flame against the brick when the latter are at or in the neighborhood of the maximum temperature r uired for firing thei'n.

n carrying out the present invention I preferably employ acontinuos tunnel kiln which differs from an ordinary Dressler kiln only as required for the maintenance of a reducing gas atmosphere in a high temperature flashing zone portion4 of the kiln zone portion' of the kiln adjacent the flashing zone, or at least in the ploftion of the cooling zone in which the ck are still het enough to eliminate the ashin effect on exposure to an oxidizing atmosp ere."

The various features of novelty which characterize my invention are pointed out with articularitjz in the claims annexed to and orming a Bart of this specification. For a betterundcrstanding of the invention, however, and the advantages possessed by it reference should be had to theaccompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which I have illustrated and described a 'preferred form of apparatus ier use in partial section on the line 3-3 oods is located a combustion chamberl The'brick or other material to ty e disclosed in my prior Patent N0. .y

11 0428. Each combustion chamber is provided, adjacent its end, remote from the entrance end of the kiln, with one or more gas inlets E. As shown, there are three gas inlets E from. the gas supply piping E to each chamber D. Each combustion chamber D is also provided in the construction shown, with an air inlet F adjacent each gas inlet E. The ends of the combustion charnbers adjacent the entrance end of the kiln are connected at their ends remote Krom the combustion chambers proper, to headrs G1 having outlets G2 openin to a conduit G runningto a suitable drat creating device, such as a stack H for withdrawing products of combustion with a regulated. draft suction.

In the cooling zone portion of the kiln adjacent its exit end, heat absorhin pipes I are located at each side of the oo s pathway. These open to theatinosp ere at the their opposite ends to haders I havin outlets I2 opening to a conduit Ia connecte to the inlet of a Vfan or blower J. The latter is provided with a valved outlet J', and a. second valved outlet Jb. The outlet J' supplies air to the combustion chambers D, while the air issuing through the outlet J is available for use. in a brick drier or wherever elseathere may be a demand for hot air.' Inso far as above describedvthe kiln disclosed does not differ from a common forni of the well known Dressler .kiln except that in the Ordinar Dressler kin og the general kind shown t'e heat absorbing pipes I extend into close proximity witlithe adjacent ends of the combustion chambers D, whereas in the construction illustrated the cooling P the spaces between the piers Af."

Vxlaiiliiug zone A'A Combustible, 'gas or Yoil is passed into thc-'kilnchamber in thetlush ing-zone. portion of the latter. As shown this ges 1s su plied b the. as suplply p';.es

l E'- and 'brano es Et lereo whici open to the kilncher'nber, atintervals along the length of the ashing zone.

As shown-each brauch 'ipe Etas well as each combustion chamberstipllygbrmnch Ev is provided withl an indiv'i ua regulating valve E, Gas outlets open frein the kiln' chamber' adjacent 4the exitend of the letter. Theseinay each comprise a short stack K and each is advantalgeously provided with a l -regultingfdem'perv f rcvisions are niad'e, g as by forming a port A-lo 'in the entrance door A',"for permitting a constant though restricted influx of air into the kiln chamber atits entrance end. While 4air may be passed '20 from the fan outlet J to the combustion i Achamber inlctsF in any suitable manner I vrefer the special construction illustrted. Rhisfcom )rises conduits L located .ebo'vethe benches l A at the sidesfof the oods path- 26 way on which the combustion c embers D and Vcooling pipes I Vum placed. The body portion of each conduit L consists of clay ipe sections Lf and coupling sleeves L'-l emiicddecl in mortar inn brick walled box La 30 which rests on piers A7 carried by the corresponding bench A". Each conduit is connected'at its combustion Ach1mber.end to.a :assage F formed in the corresponding nch A running to the combustion cham- 36 berV air inlets F; At its opposite end euchjr .conduit L connected through an expan? 'sion box-M to e .passage A? n the bench "which is in communication with the fan outlet- J l l The expansion` box M sets in a tray 0, N-resting on the bench-and 4formed with'an aperture registering with the passa le A; send in the trays N forms sandea s pre- Jventing nir vleakage 'into the kiln 'while permitting .the expansion boxes M and the adjacent ends of the conduitsL to move rela,-

`tively-'tio the benches A onv changes inY tein-I pera'ture' of the a paretus. 'The conduits L absorb heat end t ereb'yrgive additional-heat to theair assin lthrough them. To in "4W crease this est4 e sorption and to improve the circulation in the Alin-8111i vM0118 Screen l valls '0 are arranged betvireen the conduits 1L and the goodspathwayA The vwalls Oruro "formed" with ports O. which 'ster with e'pwl cxrfxdu-itr constictin described. 'a vantagesttte-.air ingt rou t from the icnjruitletV V.I mhegcombstion eliminare-is humanite kend with' Q19 a'minimpmrisk of air 100mm the kiln if""chanber. If the ls it vmay sooner or later un rrtheoondtons to which it 4is subjected can recanti-iu but a comparitnl amount of time im@ esperire which' um other features.

pipe is imbedded ma' 'um wan pt the brick tus s mim, the kiln chamber is y filled a train of brick carrying.

cars B inserted one at e time at re lar m-' tervals at the entrance end of. the iln and removed from the exit end 'of the `kiln at oorresponding intervals. In `their pa through t ie heating Aup zone of the kiln m which the combustion chambers .ure'located the brick arc'grnduall heated up to theliring tem rature. In t is portion, ofthe kiln the bric(y nre exposed to an oxidizingatmos pherc. Qn passing int'o the flashing zone the brick are 'exposed to the atmosphere v formed therein by the gas admitted to the `pipes E fund the products result,iug}from ,the union in combustion `of n portion oiths gas with the airpassing into the flashing zone from the heating up zone. The Vamount of mr thus pussin "'intorthe dashing zone, is normally restrictef to aniuount insuiiic'ient for `the coniplete `comlmstion in the iizshirgi i,

zone of the gas supplied by the pipes so. that a vstrongly reducing atmospherel is innintnined'in the flashing zone, and in the :uljncent poi-tion of thc cooling zonc.; 0rdinur-ily "the". vninourit of. gus 'supplied to the;

flushing zone'should lhe such that with. the nir coming to the finshing-zone lfrom the heating upzo'ne and thc-leakage of'air 'into the exitend ofY the kiln; hut'little unbulrned gas will bc drawn out of the kiln through uw. muletshK.

In fiashing brick the cll'ect of the reducing flume is-mainly to convertiron in'oxide form in the-clay to metallic iron `or fer-vous i'r'rriv:",oxide.' -Vlhile the novelmetlfiod and apparatus described and claimed herein isA spegially useful in the 'flashingof brick, it is not restricted to such use but may tiefemployed wherever n-reducing atmosphere'is desired in the exit end' ortion of 'thevchamf' her of avrullle heated dln, a's'fonexalple in forming metallic lustre glazes onvceralio were.

scribed thr- Emst form of thy-invention now known to me it` lwill `be apparent toflhose skilled in tlib art that changes may be made inthe form of the invention d'ieclosedlth- While in arccrdnnce with the revisionsof'the statuine I have illustra and deil out departing from the spirit ofthe tion, as the latter is set forth, inthe dp Y pcnded claims, and that-certain features of the invention may sometimes'be'ed fl) I- vantage without a corresponding uneA of Having new described iny invention,"

I claim as new and desire to ters Patent, is:

1. 'Ine-method of suministra.

purposes comprisin ing gas atmosphere in said kiln chamber portion and in the portion of the cooling zone of the kiln in which the brick are at a temperature high enoughto result in surface 4oxidation if exposed to an oxidizing `atmos here.

2. tunnel kiln for burning and flashing brick and like purposes comprising in combination, a kiln chamber having a heating up zone, a flashing zone and a cooling zone, internal combustion chambers for heating the heating up zone of the kiln chamber, heat absorbing conduits for cooling the cooling zone o'f the kiln; means for maintaining an oxidizin atmos here in the heating up zone of the iln, and) means for maintainin a reducing atmosphere in the flashing an cooling zones of the kiln.

3. Apparatus for flashing brick and like' an elongated kiln chamber through which the material treated may be passed from one end of the chamber to the other, muille heatin means extending along a portion of the kiln chamber adja cent its goods entrance end, conduit cooling means for the portion of the kiln chamber adjacent its exit end, means for supplying fuel in aseous form to the kiln chamber adjacent t e high temperature portion thereof, means for providing a supply of air to the kiln chamber restricted to accomplish the incomplete combustion in the flashing zone of said fuel and means for withdrawing from the kiln chamber the unburned gases and products resulting from the partial combustion of the fuel supplied to the kiln chamber.

4.1. Apparatus for flashing brick and like purposes comprising an elongated kiln chamber formed with benches at its opposite sides and a athway for goods carryi' cars between said benches combustionchnnbels located on said benches near the entrance and central portion of the kiln, cooling pipes located above said benches in the portion of the kiln chamber adjacent its exit end, transverse piers formed on said benches between the combustion chambers and the cooling pipes conduits resting on said piers and connecting the cooling pipes to the combustion chamber whereby air preheated in the cooling pipes and in said conduits is delivered to the combustion chambers, fuel inlets to the combustion chamber, and means for supplying fuel in gaseous form to the interior of the kiln chamber comprising inlet pipes located in the spaces between said piers.

5. Apparatus for flashing brick and like purposes comprising an elongated kiln chamber formed with benches at its opposite sides and a pathway for goods carrying cars between said benches, combustion chambers located on said benches near the entrance and central portion of the kiln, cooling pipes located a ove said benches in the portion of the kiln chamber adjacent its j exit end, transverse piers formed on said benches` between the combustion chamber and the cooling pipes, conduits resting on said piers and connecting the cooling pipes to the combustion chamber whereby air preheated in, the cooling pipes and in said conduits is delivered to the combustion chambers, fuel inlets to the combustion chamber, means for suppl ing fuel in aseous form to the interior of t e kiln cham er comprisin inlet pipes located in the spaces between ai iers, and means for withdrawing gases rom the kiln chamber adjacent the exit end of the latter.

Signed at Cleveland, in the county of Cu ahoga and State of Ohio this 12th day of /lay A. D. 1920.

CONRAD DRESSLER. 

